What is SARDS?
SARDS occurs when the number of light-receiving cells (photoreceptors) within the retina rapidly reduce in number. Numerous studies have been performed to determine the cause of this loss, however as yet the cause remains unknown and research is ongoing.
What are the clinical signs?
SARDS is noted only in dogs and is most commonly seen in small, middle-aged, neutered females with a high body condition score.
Sudden onset blindness is a characteristic feature and may be preceded or accompanied by signs of weight gain, increased appetite or thirst and excessive panting.
How is it diagnosed?
A complete ophthalmic examination is required and often in the early stages of the
disease the retina appears normal. Colorimetric pupillary reflex testing using blue and red light can help to diagnose SARDS, however electroretinography (ERG) is required to confirm loss of electrical activity within the affected retina. This is important as SARDS can initially present in a similar way to diseases affecting the optic nerves and brain. If systemic signs of weight gain, increased appetite and thirst are also reported then blood samples to check for systemic disease, particularly Cushing’s (adrenal gland dysfunction), are also recommended.
What is the prognosis?
Unfortunately no treatment is available currently and the blindness remains permanent.
SARDS is not a painful condition however and it is important to note that after a short period of adapting to the sudden vision loss, patients can go on to have a good quality of life. It is important not to move furniture or food bowls around at home as blind dogs create a map in their minds allowing them to navigate familiar surroundings safely. Keeping to familiar walks is also advised as they will get to know the routes and as other senses such as smell and hearing become heightened, using noisy toys and and bells on their leads or in your pocket for example will help them to play and locate you. Leads and harnesses can also be purchased stating that your dog is blind, which will alert other dog walkers and hopefully prevent them from letting their dog approach off-lead.
